Building up the Muscles

Physiotherapy (improving posture and breathing, and prescribing exercises to strengthen specific muscles in the abdomen, chest and back) can improve external appearances and may suffice in mild cases. But the shape of the ribcage and the breastbone are not appreciably improved by these methods.

Particularly when there is curvature of the spine (kyphoscoliosis), after assessment by an orthopaedic specialist, a programme of specific exercises is recommended. Beginning under the supervision of a physiotherapist, and continued through lifelong sporting activity, this requires much self-discipline.

As well as power training, regular endurance training (such as jogging, ball games or swimming) is recommended, to counteract the adverse effects of funnel chest on the heart and lungs.

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